Synovial cyst of the knee joint is usually a complication of osteoarthritis. Often the tumor for a long time does not manifest itself, so to the doctor the patient turns when it reaches a large size.
Often come to the surgeon with complaints of swelling in the area of the knee, pain when walking, as well as in extension or flexion, numbness.
One of the main complications is the rupture of cysts, but this happens relatively rarely.
Reasons
Synovial cyst appears mainly for two reasons – because of an injury or due to osteoarthritis. Feature of the disease is the accumulation of synovial fluid in one place. It is most often triggered by a meniscus tear or a knee injury.
Some time ago it was believed that the disease is for professional athletes. But then it became clear that the tumor appears as a concomitant manifestation of arthritis, arthrosis, periarthritis, that is, when the processes that cause a disruption of cartilage or bone.
Types
Synovial cyst of the anterior knee joint – one of several forms. The main reason is hypertrophy of synovium. While this type of tumors is poorly understood.
Until research is conducted, and why the synovium begins to thicken. Unfortunately, conservative therapy today brings no result, so to cope with the education of this kind is possible only with surgery.
Often it can be detected simultaneously with a cyst of the meniscus. In addition, tissue of the meniscus is stretched and begins to form a tumor. In the early stages no symptoms and no disease can accident.
But over time the tumor can be felt on palpation, and it is even visible in flexion of the joint. Without treatment changes may affect not only the meniscus, and ligaments. Depending on the type – internal or external, is selected and treatment. When advanced cases sometimes require a special approach to treatment.
Ganglia form, or hygroma, is most common in women. At the core, metabolic disturbances, frequent infections, strong physical exertion. Looks like solid bouncy balls. Manifested by knee pain, which appears during prolonged walking. If the ganglion cyst grows, it begins to compress the vessels. This causes varicose veins.
Baker’s cysts of the last variety. She appears in the pit below the knee, like a small bump, the motion delivers a lot of inconvenience. Is growing quite rapidly, and the compression of nerves can cause severe pain.
Diagnosis
For diagnostics using different methods, and radiography is not suitable here. It helps to detect failures that occur in bones but not in soft tissues, including it is not suitable for diagnosis of the cyst.
The best available method should be considered an ultrasound. While it is possible to detect the cyst, and to measure it. Sometimes additional information is used MRI study. To inspect the joint cavity from the inside, you may need a method such as arthroscopy.
How to get rid of
Removal of synovial cysts of the knee joint is held only by a surgeon in sterile operating room. Most often, surgery is performed when the first symptoms. If no complaints are presented, the education just watch.
Conservative therapy does not affect the size of tumors. No ointments, tablets, medicines, and other drugs will not be able to reduce it in size.
One of the benign methods of treatment of synovial cysts of the knee joint is considered a puncture. During it, a special needle is inserted into its cavity, followed by pumping out the existing content. The recovery period takes less time. However, to get rid of the cyst so it will not work, because the synovial fluid will begin to accumulate again.
It is not advisable to carry out physiotherapy, and sometimes on the leg, a plaster which helps to prevent an excessive activity of the joint during rehabilitation.
Prevention
To prevent this disease, you should minimize the load on feet, but at the same time not to abandon them. To normalize your weight, start to eat right, to include in your diet more dairy products and vegetables.
Additional treatment with the use of drugs, for example, chondroprotectors, can be applied only after specialist advice.
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