Gouty inflammation is a chronic pathology production of uric acid and deposition of its salts in the joints. The symptoms of gouty arthritis are characterized by three-phase current, gradual and long development, and by alternating remissions and exacerbations.
The disease is accompanied by renal failure, which develops as a response to metabolic disorders. Occurs mainly in people who abuse alcohol and fatty foods.
Risk factor is age older than 50 years. Men are at greater risk than women.
Gouty arthritis
The main signs
Gout is a metabolic disorder. For all metabolic pathologies characterized by the slow development progress and several stages in which the disease process will increase.
For gouty inflammation is characterized by three periods:
In the acute stage of the disease
- latent;
- sharp;
- chronic (exacerbation/remission).
Metabolic disorders occur long, so the length of development of each phase can vary from several months to a couple of years.
The symptoms are centered around the phenomena of an acute attack of gout, which is characterized by:
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- the emergence of local, severe pain syndrome;
- local strong swelling;
- the appearance of redness on the joint, abnormal temperature;
- common fever occurs less frequently;
- in the blood marked hyperuricemia.
Severe swelling
Acute symptoms last about a week, sometimes 2-3. Their treatment must be conducted by a specialist.
Gouty arthritis is always accompanied by pathological lesions of the kidneys, eventually leading to failure of its work.
Symptoms for periods diseases
To understand the clinical picture of chronic inflammation in gout, it is necessary to know the pathological processes occurring in the body. Every period of the disease is characterized by peculiar metabolic changes in the internal environment of a person.
They evolved in stages, give rise to persistent chronic arthritis.
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The latent period
At this time, no clinical signs and symptoms are not observed, but in the blood hyperuricemia is detected, and occurs in the body, pathological processes:
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- excessive synthesis of uric acid causes its accumulation in the blood;
- it is not soluble, and therefore newevidence remains circulating in the blood stream;
- later precipitates in the form of salts, urate;
- deposited on hyaline cartilage surfaces of the joints;
- after some time, starts a reaction of inflammation, there is a transition to the second phase of a gouty arthritis.
Until the response to the deposition of urate the symptoms may not appear from months to years. Reinforce the pathological process alcohol, especially beer, and a large amount of fatty food.
If, during the latent period, a person will discover the hyperuricaemia and discontinue the use of harmful products and alcoholic substances, then the start of active clinical manifestations can be avoided or reduced to a minimum.
In the latent phase of the emergence of renal disease is not observed and metabolic needs in therapy are reversible.
The acute phase
Paroxysmal pain
The response of the inflammatory reaction to urate sediments is manifested by many unpleasant sensations, already requiring special care by a competent physician. Treatment of acute, especially the first attack of gout at home is unacceptable.
The beginning is characterized by acute, paroxysmal pain, usually affecting one joint in the lower extremities, small or medium. Much less commonly affects the hands. Unlike other pathological lesions of the joints of gouty arthritis are characterized by high inflammatory response already in the first days of obvious illness.
Other characteristic manifestations are as follows:
- the beginning of the attack often occurs at night;
- amazed urate articular surface asymmetrically swollen;
- the skin on her becomes tinged with red;
- becomes hot to the touch;
- sampling of the synovial fluid no microbial flora;
- 90% of all lesions have on gouty inflammation of the big toe;
- 1 usually inflamed joints to differentiate gout from other inflammatory arthritis.
The replay attack is always dependent on violations of food culture. The return of the unbearable pain often occurs after drinking beer, a delicious meal with fatty foods.
Chronic stage
Any long-term inflammation leads to decompensated disorders, significantly reduces the quality of life. Chronic stage of gout is often caused systematic violations of the physician or evasion of treatment.
It is characterized by a periodically recurrent bouts of joint pain. Occurs clinic the constant inflammation and the pathological process with involvement of urate on the articular tissues:
- when the diagnosis on the x-ray picture of the marked signs of destruction of a body joint;
- there are pathological formation – tophi, which constitute the gouty nodules with a cluster of crystals uralovich salts;
- starts ulceration of tophi, their content comes out, causing the accession of infection;
- joins General intoxication, fever;
- compressed nerves and disrupts the function of the tendons;
- tophi of the joints of the foot extend to the knee and elbow;
- characterized by the appearance of punches, cavities are formed in the epiphyses of bone structures;
- during the operational opening of tophi and punch from them is extracted mushy mass of urate crystals.
Important! To the stage of the formation of tophi usually takes 5-6 years. Starting early therapy, threatening complications can be avoided.
Chronic process without proper treatment can cause serious complications:
- deformation of the joint;
- the spread of arthritic inflammation in other joints;
- the occurrence of contractures;
- the accession of infection and its generalization;
- the development of kidney failure.
And complications, in turn, suggest increasing as well as the attacks and the appearance of new symptoms lead the patient to wheelchair or a hospital bed for a long time.
How to avoid the development of symptoms
Each disease can in time to prevent, at the onset of symptoms to reduce build-up and not to bring up the worst diagnosis in the history of the disease. The development of a clinic gouty arthritis depends on human nutrition.
The discovery of the latent period of disease by examination of blood requires a thorough evaluation specialist and the differentiation with other diseases of the renal system. However, to err and to start a special diet immediately.
The acute phase is characterized by a regular intake of protivopodagricakih funds to reduce the synthesis of uric acid and required the correction of power, without which all treatment would be a waste of funds and resources of the body. Necessarily the exception of alcohol, vegetables, containing urate, tea, and coffee, and fatty foods of meat origin.
The necessary constraints can be hard for a person accustomed to eat tasty, but it will help to maintain healthy joints and normal motor activity.
And in the future to prevent the development of kidney failure – threatening complications, leading to disability, as the kidneys along with the liver function of filtering the blood and removing the harmful and unnecessary substances.
Preventing the development of gout after age 50 correction of the diet is reasonable from the point of view of medical statistics diagnosis of gouty lesions. In practice of physicians there is the concept of medical error that often occurs during the establishment of a gouty arthritis. The initial symptoms may indicate osteoarthritis of the joint, and improper treatment will amplify the pathological process. So after 50 years, correction of diet and reducing alcohol consumption are required for the prevention of gouty inflammation and reduce its symptoms.
