Most women at least once in life faced with the problem, when the use of conventional contraceptive methods is ineffective or impossible to apply. To avoid an unplanned pregnancy, used methods of emergency contraception. Emergency contraception involves a variety of methods. This contraception does not allow the fertilized egg to develop.
Important! The effectiveness of the method depends on the time when it adopted a remedy after unprotected sexual intercourse. The sooner action was taken, the higher their effectiveness.
Occasions when you need to use emergency contraception
Life is not predictable, and there may be different sorts of circumstances that require urgent measures of contraception:
- rape;
- the condom broke;
- pregnancy can occur any day before menstruation, after it and even during;
- the entry of sperm into the female womb at the interrupted sexual intercourse;
- incorrect calculation of ovulation;
- the woman has taken oral contraceptives for more than two days.
Important! It is worth remembering that sex without condoms can lead to infection with sexually transmitted diseases or AIDS.
Emergency contraceptives
- Combined oral contraceptives. These drugs are taken not later than three days after unprotected intercourse. Marvelon, Rigevidon, Minisiston, Femoden, Microginon, Non-dark, Anovlar, Bisekurin, Ovidon, Ovulen – based formulations of ethinyl estradiol, which take several times at intervals of 12 hours.
- Not later than two days after unprotected intercourse taking pure progesterone oral drugs.
- Mifepristone – hormonal drug. At the level of receptors in the uterus and inhibits the hormone increases the contraction of the muscles of the body. The egg is locked and can’t get into the uterus. Make the tool only after consultation with a gynecologist.
- Intrauterine devices. The most effective method of emergency contraception. Not later than the fifth day after sexual contact the gynaecologist introduces into the uterus, T-shaped intrauterine devices containing copper. With the introduction of intrauterine devices be sure to consider the individual characteristics of the patient and contraindications.
The influence of emergency contraception on a woman’s body
Taking combined and pure progressieve contraceptives every day, the body receives a small dose means that for the duration of the menstrual cycle. This hormonal drug has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the ovaries, and also eliminated different types of hormonal disturbances.
Important! To use the methods of emergency contraception constantly experts do not recommend. This adversely affects the reproductive system that can lead to impaired functioning of the ovaries.
Upon receipt of the funds to emergency contraception, the body gets exceeded several times the dose hormonal drug, regardless of the phase of the menstrual cycle. Frequent use of such contraceptives can trigger anovulatory menstrual cycle that leads to infertility.
Disruption of the normal functioning of the ovaries may trigger the development of diabetes, hypertension and obesity.
The principle of action of emergency contraception
High dose of pure progestinami and combined drugs on the process of maturation of the follicle. A single dose of these drugs, regardless of the phase of the cycle, disrupts the formation of the endometrium and rejects it.
Contraceptives provoke a hormonal malfunction of the ovary. This leads to inhibition of ovulation and disruption of the process of fertilization.
Mifepristone blocks the action of progesterone and reduces the uterus, which causes rejection of the endometrium.
The spiral causes the effect of the presence in the uterus of a foreign body, resulting in the endometrium to accumulate protective cells of the body that are harmful to the egg. Number prostaglandinov increases, which leads to uterine contractions. Due to this blocked the implantation of the egg. The fallopian tube is heavily reduced, the fertilized egg into the uterus a lot earlier, could not gain a foothold there.
Side effects
This contraception to use only in emergency situations when no other choice. It is desirable to use not more than two times per year.
Uterine bleeding, which occurs three days after taking the drug – most common side effect. Some women, on the contrary, delayed menstruation, and menstrual disorders.
Occasionally, there may be allergic reactions, diarrhoea, vomiting, headaches and dizziness.
Reception of Mifepristone can cause discomfort in the lower abdomen, fever, nausea, dizziness and weakness.
Intrauterine devices during the first days may cause the following side effects: increase and duration of discharge of menses, spasmodic pains in the abdomen, in addition, there is a great risk of developing ectopic pregnancy.
Contraindications of emergency contraception
There are some contraindications to the use of emergency contraception among them, such as:
- pregnancy;
- high sensitivity to any component of the drug;
- puberty;
- the transferred hepatitis;
- severe forms of liver or biliary tract.
Given all the above, before using those or other means of emergency contraception, you should consult with a gynecologist.
