The symptoms and treatment of dermatomyositis

Dermatomyositis may occur after the introduction of vaccines against cholera, typhoid, measles, mumps, rubella, and after injection of certain medicinal drugs. Triggering a disease capable of hypothermia, trauma, sun exposure, allergies to certain medicines, pregnancy. A third of patients the disease occurs in conjunction with neoplastic diseases.

Dermatomyositis noted various immune system disorders.

Dermatomyositis disease (Wagner) is a systemic disease process in which there is pathology of the skeletal and smooth muscles, and skin.

Reasons

Dermatomyositis is poorly studied, the disease, its causes are not reliably established. Believe that the development of the disease is influenced by multiple factors. The risk of disease Wagner increases in viral infections: hepatitis b, influenza, parainfluenza viruses, parvoviruses, picornaviruses. Presumably, factors the etiology of the disease refers to illness caused by Lyme disease (bacterial flora).

Noticed that disease Wagner get sick more often women during menopause. In addition, some doctors believe that there may be genetic and neuroendocrine component of dermatomyositis.

Symptoms

In the initial stages, patients reported the following symptoms:

• myasthenia gravis;
• pain in the joints;
• muscle pain;
• the rise in body temperature;
• swelling;
• lose the skin.

Over time dermatomyositis becomes chronic with frequent relapses that cause muscle damage. Patients begin to notice pain in the muscles during motion, with pressure and in a calm state. Muscle weakness, eventually growing becomes a constant companion of a patient with dermatomyositis.

At the same time with a pathological process occurring in the muscle mass, it is the seal and the increase in volume, primarily in the shoulder girdle and pelvis, which significantly disrupts the amplitude of movements. The patient is unable without assistance to sit, raise the limb, raise and hold his head. In some cases, there is complete stillness and a state of prostration.

Often the disease affects the muscles of the face. In this case, the patient’s face looks natural, like a mask. Affects facial muscles, muscle fibers, which are responsible swallowing, which leads to the development of dysphagia. The spread of the disease on the muscles involved in the breathing process and leads to dysfunction of the respiratory system: reduced lung volume, developing hypoventilation and as a consequence pneumonia. Negative pathological process affects the eye, leading to diplopia, bilateral ptosis of the eyelids and strabismus.

Diagnosis and treatment of the disease

Chronic and subacute the process of dermatomyositis is diagnosed on the basis of biochemical tests of urine and blood, and biopsy of the muscle fibers. The acute form of the disease, Wagner’s growing rapidly, generalizovannoe affects the striated muscles. It often leads to complete immobility, development of dysarthria and dysphagia. The disease is accompanied by severe intoxication with skin rash and fever. The patient did not receive timely appropriate treatment, dies from cardio-pulmonary failure or aspiration pneumonia a few months.

Favorable prognosis can be put in chronic dermatomyositis, which interferes with the function of individual muscles. The juvenile dermatomyositis children and adolescents is accompanied by calcification of the subcutaneous tissue, muscles and skin what is the cause of contractures and immobility.

Disease treatment of Wagner is usually with corticosteroids or cytostatics. Also used to contribute to elimination of violations, which are caused by decreased blood supply to the muscles. The recommended medication to improve metabolic processes and reducing the risks of complications.