In 2011, scientists have already confirmed the relationship between smoking a woman during pregnancy and the development of congenital heart disease in a child.
According to the results of this analysis, scientists determined the relationship between smoking of future fathers and the development of congenital heart defects in children. In addition, it turned out that father’s smoking affects the occurrence of diseases more than mother’s smoking. The relationship between the risk of developing congenital heart defects in children and second-hand smoking of the mother was confirmed.
Chinese scientists conducted a meta-analysis of 125 studies from seven international and Chinese databases between 1971 and June 2018. The authors took 63 studies conducted in Asia, 22 in Europe, 38 in North America, one in South America and one more in Oceania. So scientists were able to analyze the data of almost nine million participants and about 138 thousand cases of congenital heart disease.
According to one of the authors of the study, Jiabi Qin, future fathers should quit smoking. He believes that due to the harmful habits of fathers, pregnant women become passive smokers, and this is probably even more dangerous for the health of the child than the active smoking of parents.
About eight percent of children around the world and almost nine percent of children in China are born with congenital heart disease.
Shouting at a pregnant woman can trigger newborn hearing problems
According to Japanese researchers, a future father who screams at his pregnant wife can damage his baby’s hearing.
Observations of scientists have shown that verbal abuse in an increased tone during pregnancy increases the risk of developing hearing problems in a newborn by almost 50%. According to scientists, one of the reasons is that loud voices that do not belong to the mother cause fetal discomfort. This discomfort, in turn, negatively affects the hearing development of the child.
Emotional violence has a number of other consequences: a woman may develop depression (including postpartum), anxiety, she will feel guilty and unnecessary and afraid to upset her partner. If a pregnant woman was subjected to such violence, among other things, she may decrease or not have attachment to the child at all – this could negatively affect breastfeeding. Emotional violence after the birth of a baby already affects not only the woman, but also the baby itself : he can become angry, angry, think about suicide and have other problems with behavior.
According to studies by the World Health Organization, 35% of women in the world have experienced physical or sexual abuse. In most cases – on the part of the partner.
How to treat infertility: effective specialist advice
Obviously, the matter is not only in the presence of a close-knit team of specialists of various profiles, but also in the knowledge and experience of a gynecologist-reproductologist. Does your experience in an ordinary maternity hospital help you?
Of course, a gynecologist-reproductologist must be able to compose a holistic picture in order to identify the main and secondary problems, as well as the direction in which to move. My experience in the usual district maternity hospital, where I got right after the internship, still helps. I was taught there three main things: to think, make diagnoses and take responsibility, making an important decision. I believe that every young doctor should get such work experience – among other advantages, this allows you to master a large number of skills that mean independence from outside help.
The IVF procedure is of the greatest interest – many women associate their hopes for motherhood with it. And also many myths are associated with it. Perhaps it’s time to debunk some of them?
Yes, there are many myths about the IVF procedure, and one of them is that IVF children cannot have their own offspring or grow more painful compared to children conceived naturally. But the world already knows that the world’s first “test tube” girl, having matured, gave birth to a healthy child, and for this she did not need an IVF procedure. With regard to the health and development of children born through IVF, we often see them when mothers come to see us
