Did the child go to school and literacy is difficult for him? Parents of modern schoolchildren often face the fact that their children have difficulties with basic learning skills: reading and writing.
And no matter what measures are taken – many hours of homework, additional classes, praises and punishments, nothing can solve the difficulties that have arisen.
Do not immediately rush to accuse the child, scold him. Indeed, sometimes the problem is not laziness and unwillingness to learn, but that the child develops a specific violation of written speech – dyslexia and dysgraphia.
Such problems are noticeably more common in:
– children whose left arm is more active, i.e. left
– handed people – children whose parents speak several languages at home at once, for example, Russian and English
– children who were taught to read early
– children with neurological pathologies
All errors, clerical errors and reservations arising from such violations are specific and will be individual in each case. Moreover, they have a certain stable character.
You need to consult a speech therapist when:
– A child cannot calmly remember letters and constantly mixes and confuses them while reading
– The reading process is difficult for him – he uses syllables, reads them intensively and makes a lot of mistakes
– During the reading the child easily skips certain letters, syllables, and prepositions
– Often the child can replace both syllables and whole words when reading
– The child has problems pronouncing word endings
– The child tries to guess the word in initial letters in advance
– Cannot remember the meaning read and having difficulty retelling
It is worth a closer look at the written work of the student. If there is a problem with it, then the child will manifest:
– the omission of different letters – both vowels and consonants – both in syllables and in individual syllables
– an increase in extra syllables or letters
– staging letters and syllables in their own way;
– non-spelling of words;
– spelling in one word several at a time
– spelling of words separately according to their morphemic composition, for example, a separate prefix, root, ending
– omission of words and phrases
– problems with limiting sentences – does not put uppercase letters, does not put punctuation marks where necessary, for example, a point at the end of a sentence
If there are problems with the underdevelopment of such important functions, the following symptoms will appear:
– the child will have difficulties with visual perception of the world around him, he will also not be able to accurately name the shape, size and color of objects
– problems with visual memory – the child will have difficulties with spatial perception, he will have difficulty with visual analysis
– the child will not be able to understand the difference between the images of paired letters, such as b / d
There are problems of phonemic perception:
– there is a substitution of phonetically close sounds (in this case, errors in the designation of softness during writing are noted)
– difficulties in determining deaf and sonorous sounds
– difficulties in distinguishing sounds that may be similar in sound and articulation
If similar mistakes are encountered in the works of your younger schoolchild, you need to turn to a speech therapist for help. Dyslexia and dysgraphia can be corrected, but the degree of effect of the measures directly depends on how severe the violation is, how early the parents turned to the specialist, how competent and experienced this specialist is.
